Understanding complex healthcare interventions: A user's guide to Normalization Process Theory

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1. Coherence
2.Cognitive Participation
4. Reflexive Monitoring
3. Collective Action
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Coherence

This is the sense-making work that people do individually and collectively when they are faced with the problem of operationalising some new way of working.

NPT proposes that:

  • Embedding of a complex intervention is dependent on work that defines and organizes it as a cognitive and behavioural ensemble.
  • The work of embedding (implementing and integrating) a complex intervention is shaped by factors that promote or inhibit participants making sense of it.
  • The production and reproduction of a complex intervention requires that participants collectively invest meaning in it.